iE-DAP dihydrochloride is a Nod1 agonist. iE-DAP dihydrochloride activates NOD1, which in turn activates the NF-kappaB signaling pathway and MLCK signaling pathway, inducing cellular inflammatory responses and tight junction disruption. iE-DAP dihydrochloride downregulates the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes. iE-DAP dihydrochloride increases the secretion of IL-6, GRO-alpha, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIP-1beta in term human trophoblast cell cultures. iE-DAP dihydrochloride triggers preterm birth in pregnant mice, reduces fetal body weight, and induces fetal inflammation. iE-DAP dihydrochloride can be used in studies related to mastitis and preterm birth[1][2].
