Microtubles (MTs) are oriented with a fast growing plus-end and a slower growing minus-end. The MT plus-end is a crucial site for the regulation of MT dynamics and MT association with different cellular organelles by several groups of plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs). These +TIPs form comet-like accumulations at the plus ends of MTs to regulate MT dynamics and interactions. The End-Binding (EB) family of +TIPs includes EB1 (MAPRE1), EB2 (MAPRE2, RP1), and EB3 (MAPRE3, EBF3). EB proteins are ubiquitiously expressed +TIPs that can dimerize through a coiled-coil C-terminal region, and bind MTs through an N-terminal calponin homology domain. EB proteins can stabilize MTs, increase MT dynamics, and suppress MT pauses. Site specific phosphorylation may regulate EB activity. EB3 Ser-162 phosphorylation destabilizes EB3 dimer and reduces MT growth, while aurora-kinase induced Ser-176 phosphorylation regulates EB3 protein stability during mitosis.
Microtubles (MTs) are oriented with a fast growing plus-end and a slower growing minus-end. The MT plus-end is a crucial site for the regulation of MT dynamics and MT association with different cellular organelles by several groups of plus-end tracking pr
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