IRW is an orally active tripeptide extracted from egg whites with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties. It helps prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) through the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and increased mitochondrial content. IRW reduces hepatic triglyceride levels and lipid droplet size, and enhances liver mitochondrial complexes, citrate synthase activity, and 5-AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, along with the abundance of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. It also increases phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase and mitochondrial complexes, making it useful for inflammation-related research.
